管道中激励和接收扭转模态导波专用探头的研制与应用

超声导波检测技术是一种新兴的无损检测方法。扭转模态是管道中超声导波的模态之一,可以检测各类缺陷。采用厚度切变型压电陶瓷作为敏感元件的探头,其外形尺寸为20 mm×10 mm×20 mm,在4 m长的钢管中进行了扭转模态的激励与接收试验。结果表明,该探头能够有效地激励和接收扭转模态,抑制了其它模态导波的干扰。     

Fretting fatigue studies of titanium nitride-coated biomedical titanium alloys

Fretting fatigue is an adhesive wear mechanism caused by repetitive tangential micro-oscillation between two contacting materials pressed together under cyclic load. Bioimplants, such as hip joints and bone plates, are prone to undergo fretting fatigue failures during their service within the body. This article presents the fretting fatigue damage characterization of physical vapor deposition (PVD) TiN-coated biomedical titanium alloys (Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-6Al-7Nb) subjected to cyclic loads. The PVD TiN layer delayed the damage because of superior tribological properties compared with uncoated alloys. Delamination and abrasive wear damage of TiN at contact caused failure of the alloy. Friction coefficient curves of the PVD TiN-coated pair showed an irregular pattern caused by the influence of wear particulates and Ringer fluid at the contact.     

Comparison of tribological properties of industrial low friction coatings

MX2(M= Mo, W; X=S, Se) and DLC (a-C: H and WC/C) are the two kinds of typical low friction coatings widely used in industry. The friction and wear properties of these two kinds of coatings marked as MOVIC,MOST, MoSez/Ni, WSez, a-C: H and WC/C coatings were determined by fretting tests in ambient air of different humidity. The results show that the coefficient of friction of MXz coatings increases when the relative humidity of air increases whereas the coefficient of friction DLC coatings decreases with the increasing of relative humidity. MOVIC and WSe2 coatings have a poor friction and wear resistance because of non-basal planes (100) and ( 101 ) parallel to the surface in the MOVIC coating, or the rough and porous surface of WSe2 coatings. Among these six coatings, MoSe2/Ni and WC/C eoatinas have the highest wear resistance which seems to be unaffected by the relative humidity.     

Fretting wear behavior of AZ91D magnesium alloy

The fretting behaviour of the AZ91D magnesium alloy was investigated. The influence of the number of cycles, normal load （contact pressure） and the amplitude of slip on the fretting behavior of the material were focused. Fretting tests were performed under various running conditions with regard to normal load levels and slip amplitudes. The friction coefficient between the surfaces at the fretting junction was continuously recorded. The freeing damage on the magnesium specimens was studied by SEM. The resultS show that the wear volume increases with the increase of slip amplitude, and linearly increases with the increase of normal load in the mixed and gross slip regime, but the normal load has no obvious effect on the wear volume in the partial slip regime. The predominant fretting wear mechanism of magnesium alloy in the slip regime is the oxidation wear, delaminated wear and abrasive wear.     

离子束增强沉积CrN膜层及其微动摩擦学性能研究

以不同氮离子辅助轰击能量制备CrN膜层．利用纳米压入仪及显微硬度计分别测试单晶Si片上膜层的硬度及断裂韧度K1C．使用XRD、XPS及EPMA分析离子轰击能量对镀层组织结构的影响。结果表明，采用能量较低的氮离子轰击得到的涂层，由于金属Cr的存在，涂层硬度虽有所降低，但断裂韧度K1C数值较高。选择较低的4keV辅助轰击能量，在M2高速钢基体上沉积CrN涂层，膜层在空气介质中表现出优异的耐磨减摩特性.但在水介质条件下，由于膜层接触区域的去钝化，再钝化使腐蚀和磨损相互加速，导致CrN膜层摩擦系数，尤其是磨损量明显高于基材。     

TC4钛合金的微动疲劳行为研究

研究了TC4钛合金在柱面-平面接触条件下的微动疲劳行为.通过观察微动区的磨损特征和截面形貌,分析了微动疲劳损伤机制,探讨了磨屑的形成与演变过程及其对微动疲劳行为的影响,考察了摩擦系数随时间的变化.结果表明,TC4钛合金微动区的损伤机制以粘着磨损、磨粒磨损和接触疲劳为主,并伴有氧化磨损.磨屑是基体材料脱落、破碎、氧化形成的,磨屑中的硬质氧化物颗粒促进了合金表面的磨粒磨损,加速了疲劳失效.     

Effect of fretting amplitudes on fretting wear behavior of steel wires in coal mines

Given that fretting wear causes failure in steel wires, we carried out tangential fretting wear tests of steel wires on a self-made fretting wear test rig under contact loads of 9 and 29 N and fretting amplitudes ranging from 5 to 180 μm. We observed morphologies of fretted steel wire surfaces on an S-3000N scanning electron microscope in order to analyze fretting wear mecha-nisms. The results show that the fretting regime of steel wires transforms from partial slip regime into mixed fretting regime and gross slip regime with an increase in fretting amplitudes under a given contact load. In partial slip regime, the friction coefficient has a relatively low value. Four stages can be defined in mixed fretting and gross slip regimes. The fretting wear of steel wires in-creases obviously with increases in fretting amplitudes. Fretting scars present a typical morphology of annularity, showing slight damage in partial slip regime. However, wear clearly increases in mixed fretting regime where wear mechanism is a combination of plastic deformation, abrasive wear and oxidative wear. In gross slip regime, more severe degradation is present than in the other regimes. The main fretting wear mechanisms of steel wires are abrasive wear, surface fatigue and friction oxidation.     

汽车链发动机总成试验及磨损特性

通过汽车发动机总成试验,研究了汽车链的磨损机制和磨损伸长率,分析了销轴和套筒磨损表面的微观形貌和滚子材料的金相组织,探讨了汽车链主要零件的塑性变形和磨损表面的循环特性,并通过联结牢固度的压出力试验阐述了汽车链过盈配合表面的微动磨损现象及其原因。结果表明,销轴和套筒磨损表面的磨损机制以疲劳磨损为主,同时伴有磨粒磨损和粘着磨损;经过3000 h高速试验,链板和滚子产生了以往少见的较大塑性变形,滚子磨损表面产生了循环硬化,并且过盈配合表面产生了严重的微动磨损。     

Perpetual effect of laser surface texturing on tribological properties of Ti3SiC2/GNP composite—A fretting wear study

Tribological properties of Ti₃SiC₂ ceramic and Ti₃SiC₂/GNP composite were investigated using fretting sliding against Si₃N₄ ball counter body at a load of 50 N for a sliding distance of 900 m, under non-textured lubricated (NTL), textured lubricated (TL) condition, and textured lubricated high temperature (TLHT). This paper presents the influence of laser surface texturing (LST) on Ti₃SiC₂ and its graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) reinforced composite established through spark plasma sintering (SPS), tested under fretting wear conditions. The coefficient of friction and wear rate of Ti₃SiC₂ and its graphene nanoplatelets reinforced composites were incontrovertibly enhanced with laser surface texturing as compared to non-textured Ti₃SiC₂ and its GNP composite. The TL surface of Ti₃SiC₂ composite reinforced with 15% GNP showed the lowest COF and wear rate. Almost negligible changes were observed for TLHT tests. The LST proved to an efficient technique for enhancing the friction and wear properties of Ti₃SiC₂ and Ti₃SiC₂/GNP composite.     

TiAlZr合金微动磨损性能研究

采用高精度液压式微动磨损试验机研究了TiA lZr合金在不同微动运行区域的微动磨损行为,建立了其运行工况微动图。试验结果表明:滑移区、混合区和部分滑移区的摩擦因数随循环次数变化呈现不同的规律,其中部分滑移区摩擦因数较低,磨损体积随着位移幅值的增大而增大;滑移区、混合区磨损体积随着法向载荷的增加而增大,而部分滑移区磨损体积随着法向载荷的增加而减小;滑移区磨屑堆积于中心区域,磨损以磨粒磨损和剥层机制为主;混合区磨损机制主要表现为粘着磨损与磨粒磨损并存;部分滑移区磨损轻微。